Biotechnology Questions and Answers for RRB Group D/RRB NTPC Biotechnology is a branch of science that uses living things, such as microorganisms and cells, to create new products and technologies. It is used in many fields, like healthcare, farming, and environmental science.
In exams like RRB Group D and RRB NTPC, questions about biotechnology often include topics like genetic engineering, biofuels, cloning, vaccines, and how biotechnology helps in medicine and farming.
To answer these questions correctly, it is important to understand basic concepts like DNA, RNA, enzymes, fermentation, and bioremediation. Below are some common questions and answers to help with exam preparation.
Biotechnology Questions for RRB Group D/RRB NTPC
Here are the MCQs:
1. What does GMO stand for?
a) Genetically Matured Organism
b) Genetically Modified Organism
c) Genetically Mutated Organism
d) Genetically Managed Organism
2. Which of the following organisms can be genetically modified?
a) Bacteria
b) Plants
c) Mammals
d) All of the above
3. What is the purpose of genetically modifying crops?
a) To make them resistant to pests
b) To improve their nutritional value
c) To increase their shelf life
d) All of the above
4. Which method is used for plant transformation in genetic engineering?
a) Microinjection
b) Gene gun or biolistic particle delivery system
c) PCR
d) DNA profiling
5. What is the terminator gene used for?
a) To increase crop yield
b) To make second-generation seeds sterile
c) To improve nutritional value
d) To reduce pesticide use
6. Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified crop?
a) Golden Rice
b) Bt Cotton
c) Canola
d) All of the above
7. What is the primary use of biofuels?
a) As a food additive
b) As a fuel for vehicles
c) As a pesticide
d) As a fertilizer
8. Which toxin is produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)?
a) Cry toxin
b) Endotoxin
c) Neurotoxin
d) Hemotoxin
9. What is the main disadvantage of using Bt crops in India?
a) Increased production
b) High seed cost
c) Improved biodiversity
d) Reduced pesticide use
10. What is DNA profiling used for?
a) Paternity testing
b) Criminal investigations
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
11. Who discovered the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
a) James Watson
b) Kary Mullis
c) Francis Crick
d) Gregor Mendel
12. What is the goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP)?
a) To map all human genes
b) To sequence the entire human genome
c) To identify functional genes
d) All of the above
13. What is genomics?
a) The study of individual genes
b) The study of the entire genome
c) The study of proteins
d) The study of enzymes
14. What is recombinant DNA technology used for?
a) To combine genetic material from multiple sources
b) To clone organisms
c) To sequence DNA
d) To profile DNA
15. What is a plasmid?
a) A small DNA molecule found in bacteria
b) A type of virus
c) A protein
d) A type of chromosome
16. What is a bacteriophage?
a) A virus that infects bacteria
b) A type of plasmid
c) A type of bacteria
d) A type of fungus
17. What is a cosmid?
a) A combination of plasmid and phage DNA
b) A type of bacteria
c) A type of virus
d) A type of chromosome
18. What is molecular cloning used for?
a) To replicate DNA in a host organism
b) To sequence DNA
c) To profile DNA
d) To study proteins
19. What is organismal cloning?
a) The process of creating genetically identical organisms
b) The process of sequencing DNA
c) The process of profiling DNA
d) The process of studying proteins
20. What are embryonic stem cells?
a) Cells derived from embryos that can differentiate into any cell type
b) Cells found in adult tissues
c) Cells used in DNA profiling
d) Cells used in PCR
21. What are adult stem cells?
a) Cells found in adult tissues that can repair damaged tissues
b) Cells derived from embryos
c) Cells used in DNA sequencing
d) Cells used in cloning
22. What is somatic gene therapy?
a) Gene therapy targeting reproductive cells
b) Gene therapy targeting body cells
c) Gene therapy targeting embryos
d) Gene therapy targeting viruses
23. What is germline gene therapy?
a) Gene therapy targeting reproductive cells
b) Gene therapy targeting body cells
c) Gene therapy targeting embryos
d) Gene therapy targeting viruses
24. What is the primary goal of genetically modified crops?
a) To introduce new traits not found in the species naturally
b) To reduce the need for fertilizers
c) To increase the use of pesticides
d) To reduce crop yield
25. What is the Cry toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) harmful to?
a) Insects
b) Mammals
c) Plants
d) Bacteria
Biotechnology Answers for RRB Group D/RRB NTPC
Here are the answers:
- b) Genetically Modified Organism
- d) All of the above
- d) All of the above
- b) Gene gun or biolistic particle delivery system
- b) To make second-generation seeds sterile
- d) All of the above
- b) As a fuel for vehicles
- a) Cry toxin
- b) High seed cost
- c) Both a and b
- b) Kary Mullis
- d) All of the above
- b) The study of the entire genome
- a) To combine genetic material from multiple sources
- a) A small DNA molecule found in bacteria
- a) A virus that infects bacteria
- a) A combination of plasmid and phage DNA
- a) To replicate DNA in a host organism
- a) The process of creating genetically identical organisms
- a) Cells derived from embryos that can differentiate into any cell type
- a) Cells found in adult tissues that can repair damaged tissues
- b) Gene therapy targeting body cells
- a) Gene therapy targeting reproductive cells
- a) To introduce new traits not found in the species naturally
- a) Insects